Event Facilities and Management Free Essays

There are no games that rival the scale and profile of the Olympic Games (Faulner, Spurr, Chalip, Brown 2000). Its significant effect on financial and social parts of national and global levels, universal occasion the travel industry, promoting systems, gives a lot of focuses to study and knowledge. Besides, authoritatively the Games of the XXIX Olympiad, the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics is basically a significant global multi-sport occasion, which required a lot of specialized, promoting, and occasion arranging. We will compose a custom exposition test on Occasion Facilities and Management or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now Facilitated by the People’s Republic of China in any case, the game was additionally or maybe converted into, a national financial system and was subject into a universal political discussion and open examination. Clatter against the games were wild and far reaching, different policy driven issues harassed occasion coordinators and patrons. In any case, the Games were taken an interest by 11,208 competitors from 205 nations in 302 athletic occasions. Enthusiasm of the PRC to have Olympics is very clear. Beside the new openings that could be made in the travel industry, overall exposure of the Games will change the way the remainder of the world perspectives China. In this way, the Beijing Olympics is a decent contextual analysis for enormous occasions that requires immense calculated administration and arranging, and present possibilities for future State-sponsorship of huge extraordinary occasions. Expenses of the Games fell to a great extent on Government assets, on the grounds of the travel industry benefits. To legitimize spending of the national tote and to obstruct negativity among the general population is significant in seeking after State-supported uncommon occasions (Burgan, Mules, 2000). Assessing on the advantages of an uncommon occasion is pertinent for responsibility reasons as well as to manage future open reserve spending; just as the achievability of supporting uber occasions. This paper will give a few bits of knowledge and examinations on the effects of the Beijing Olympics, and promoting methodologies used. Long haul monetary effects of the Games in China are not yet apparent. Albeit a few divisions may have profited by a fleeting flood of travelers, hard ventures endured misfortunes because of manufacturing plant terminations to ease air contamination. Social effects nonetheless, tell different sides. While national pride enjoyed some real success upon the capacity of the Chinese economy and innovation, there are parts who experienced the accomplishment. Mass separations and disturbance of regular day to day existences likewise took cost for the national mind-set. Globally, China substantiated itself as a financial mammoth, regardless of negative purposeful publicity and calls to blacklist the Games. Promoting for the occasion is another fascinating part of the occasion. Done in the midst of impressive negative exposure, political disturbance, the worldwide money related emergency, and naiveté of the Chinese government in global advertising, showcasing for the games fared well. A powerful advertising methodology or blessed conditions may have added to its accomplishment. With expanding recurrence, facilitating of worldwide occasions has been utilized as a stage for States to support financial and advancement exercises (Burgan, Mules, 2000). The potential for national turn of events, media consideration, the travel industry, network association and national pride, the Olympic Games requires a precise examination and investigation. Effects on decently examine and check the effects of the Beijing Olympics, evaluation will incorporate monetary and non-financial estimations of the occasion; covering arrangements, real results, and likely advantages. The expenses of the occasion is assessed to have arrived at a shocking $40 billionâ€exceeding the expand 2004 Athens Olympics by $25 billionâ€with costs lying intensely on speculations on framework and enhancements for transport frameworks to stay aware of the normal deluge of observers and vacationers. Occasion coordinators redesigned and built 37 Games scenes and 66 instructional hubs, the biggest of which are the Beijing National Stadium, Beijing National Indoor Stadium, Beijing National Aquatics Center, Olympic Green Convention Center, and the Beijing Wukesong Culture and Sports Center. Consumption on the Beijing Olympics relied to a great extent upon government spending: government-claimed banks, neighborhood government, and foundations subsidized the greater part of all out expenses. Subject to reactions by local people and market analysts around the world, China’s eagerness to go through open cash appeared to be powered by its assurance to substantiate itself among the most significant countries. Nonetheless, it could be contended that there are likewise considerable social returns and global introduction advantages of facilitating the Games. The objectives being inflow of buyers outside China, maker surplus could be a progressively suitable and distinct measure to decide achievement. Maker surplus is gotten from the expansion underway levels because of a unique occasion, which are thought to be accepted from the open door cost of makers (Burgan, Mules 2000). For this situation, inundation of outside the travel industry ought to be set in high need. The Games were set to oblige 2 million touristsâ€from this number, 500,000 were anticipated to originate from abroad. In any case, turnout during the Games were underneath desires. Lodging inhabitance was uniquely at 70% in 5-stars and beneath half in 4-stars, shockingly considerably lesser than inn inhabitance at 2007 of that month. Regardless of these numbers, the coordinators demanded that the 6. 8 million tickets printed were sold out. This could be clarified, hypothetically, at the low number of outside sightseers: the increased security, negative purposeful publicity, and severe visa procurement could all factor in the inability to draw in outsider spending. Thinking about the measure of cash, arranging, and strategic prerequisites of the Beijing Olympics, occasion the travel industry through the Beijing Olympics didn't meet its ? 8 billion benefit from genuine occasion. By the by, effect of an occasion doesn't bank exclusively on monetary advantages in a money saving advantage assessment (Dwyer, Mellor, Mistillies, Mules 2000). Other non-substantial advantages are additionally considered. The most effective method to refer to Event Facilities and Management, Essays

I am comparing the play; ‘Teechers’ by John Godber, to the play that I :: Drama

I am looking at the play; ‘Teechers’ by John Godber, to the play that I as of late participated in and assisted with composing; ‘The Victim’. The plot of our ‘The Victim’ and ‘Teechers’ I am looking at the play; ‘Teechers’ by John Godber, to the play that I as of late participated in and assisted with composing; ‘The Victim’. The plot of our play-‘The Victim’-is based around tormenting and household brutality. The primary storyline is about a youthful student called Jess moving to another zone and another school. She is singled out by the other individuals at the school and a gathering of young ladies start to menace her. Her home life isn’t much better however Jess’ mum is a schizophrenic and misuses Jess both verbally and truly. Jess adapts to its pressure all from the outset however then it begins to discourage her and she contemplates ending it all. The harassers continue tormenting Jess and a terrible stunt is the last bit of excess that will be tolerated. Jess returns home and attempts to discover comfort in her mum who dismisses her, this prompts Jess taking an overdose. In spite of the fact that the plot of ‘Teechers’ is a ton diverse to the plot of ‘The Victim’, the fundamental setting is very comparable: ‘Teechers’ is likewise set in a school and current life. ‘Teechers’ energetically brings out life at a present day Comprehensive, utilizing the organization of a finish of-term play to sketch a show teacher’s progress through two terms of stubborn classes, critical partners and obstructive guardians until he withdraws for the more secure waters of a non-public school. The play runs the range of feelings, for the most part humor, to depict the primary subjects of the play. The play to a degree remarks on the imperfections of the instruction framework: the title it self is a political articulation, rather than being spelt 'instructors' its spelt ‘Teechers’, right around a comedic burrow at the 'framework' which has neglected to show the students accurately. In our play the primary subjects are tormenting, aggressive behavior at home and seclusion, yet references are additionally made to self destruction, dysfunctional behavior and fitting in. We utilized these issues since they are things that young people specifically may understanding thus the crowd could perhaps identify with the play. By deciding to investigate these issues we may likewise bring issues to light of things like tormenting and abusive behavior at home and help individuals to comprehend the issues in question. Hence by utilizing these topics we made the play increasingly close to home to the crowd and that's only the tip of the iceberg passionate; along these lines they may appreciate the play more and feel more included. The subjects of ‘Teechers’ are very unique to the topics expressed

John Pope Paul Iii Movie Reflection Free Essays

December 9, 2010 Reflection on Pope John Paul II film I found the film Pope John Paul II fascinating and profoundly moving. God lets us know in the book of scriptures that tailing him isn't liberated from tribulation. He comforts by disclosing to us he won't put anything against us that we can't survive. We will compose a custom article test on John Pope Paul Iii Movie Reflection or on the other hand any comparative theme just for you Request Now Penance is one the key fixings that accompanies following the Lord. Pope John Paul II is a magnificent good example to follow with regards to forfeit. At the point when the Nazis were attempting to stop religion Karol was caught up with examining Gods word. By doing this, he is willing to giving up his life, in such a case that he was gotten he would be executed. He spent a lot of his more youthful years with companions, showing them human respect and God. Before his Cardinal Years Karol yielded having a spouse and kids with the goal that he could follow his enthusiasm for the Catholic religion and become a cleric. After numerous years he was chosen Cardinal and afterward Pope of Poland. Another ethical issue in this film is the responsibility of numerous human sins. Murder is the principle sin seen all through the film. The Nazi’s needed the clean to be hopeless and gave them little opportunity. On the off chance that anybody was found defying their exacting laws they would be beaten and murdered. This wrongdoing is rehashed various times each day, and in incredible numbers. Considerably after the war subsided murder wasn’t over. This is seen When Pope John Paul II life was out of the blue placed in peril when somebody took shots at him while he was showing up out in the open. Pope John Paul II battled for his life and kept on attempting and bring harmony among individuals. All things considered this film is an awesome case of following Christianity. Pope John Paul II is a great man who carried a feeling of solace with him when addressing the individuals. I discovered this film entirely agreeable and would prescribe it to numerous individuals. Step by step instructions to refer to John Pope Paul Iii Movie Reflection, Essay models

Internet use in my family Coursework - 1650 Words

Blog Questions: Internet use in my family (Coursework Sample) Content: Name:Instructor:Course:Date:Blog QuestionsInternet use in my familyUndoubtedly, the Internet has become an important tool of communication and a source of information in everyday life. The Internet is used by individuals of all ages through different means and for different purposes. In my family, everyone uses the Internet, but in completely different ways and for different purposes. I use the Internet for three main purposes: for communication, education, and as a source of information. Technology introduced many communication tools that require only a connection to the Internet. I communicate with my friends and relatives without making phone calls by means of smartphone applications, such as WhatsApp, Viber, WeChat and many more. I also use the Internet to communicate through social media networks including Twitter and Facebook. In addition, I use the Internet for formal communication, such as contacting professors. Besides communication, the Internet plays a sign ificant role in my education. I use the Internet to access e-textbooks, participate in group discussions, and do research on online databases. I also use the Internet as a reliable source of information. I can read articles on different topics from politics, sports, movies, and even music through the Internet. My Internet use practice starkly contrasts to my fathers Internet use tendency. I use my smartphone, tablet and a laptop for different Internet uses. On the contrary, my father uses only his smartphone and an old desktop computer in his study room to access the Internet. My father hardly uses the Internet. In fact, he never uses the Internet on his mobile phone unless he has received an email notification. While I use the Internet daily, my father can spend up to three days without accessing it. He does not use the Internet for social networking. Rather, he only uses the Internet to respond to emails or search for a really important issue. For example, my father would read abo ut the issue reported briefly in television news online. Websites with good web designs The key elements of effective websites include good appearance, content, usability, functionality, and search engine optimization. The best websites reflect the best practices of the above elements. The Harley-Davidson Motor Company and the Morgan Pierpont Library are two organizations that have exemplary websites. Harley Davidson is a leading motorcycle company in the United States, and the companys website ( HYPERLINK "-davidson.com" -davidson.com) communicates why it is great at its best. The website has an excellent web design and appearance that is based on shades of grey and black and exquisite pictures of motorcycles and riders dominating most pages. The main objective and use of the website is to market motorcycles, and it does so efficiently. The website is very informative about the companys products and retraces the companys history to 1901. Users are informed on how they can purch ase motorcycles and motorcycle parts. Besides the content, the site is very user friendly. The Harley-Davidson site is designed to allow users to choose their location and access the version of the site at that location. In addition, users can easily customize designs of their future motorcycles through the website, locate dealers, buy online or even buy souvenirs from the companys museum. The Morgan Pierpont Library in New York is a repository of arts dating back from the Medieval Period. The librarys website ( HYPERLINK "/" /) is a simple website excellently designed to inform and attract people to the library. The first thing a visitor views on the librarys website is the librarys location. The website also informs the visitors on the opening hours of the library and provides more information on what is expected of visitors and the experience they will have in the art library. The site is user friendly, and all topics are listed, enabling visitors to access whatever they want through a single click from the homepage. Through the site, users can explore the art collection in the library and make purchases too. While most websites use the footer design to provide information about the website, support and business contacts, the Pierpont Morgan library uses a distinct header style. This header style is a distinct web design that ensures that viewers do not have to scrawl to the bottom of the page to view the librarys contact information and social media integration. Web history: Mark Zuckerberg Mark Zuckerberg is credited as one of the most important people in the Internet history in the first decade of the 21st century. Zuckerberg is the founder of Facebook, a social network which is now a global phenomenon. With his friends, Zuckerberg developed and co-founded Facebook in the Harvard University dormitories (Burrell 5). The social networking site was initially intended to serve as a communication platform for campus students, but its success led to a globa l expansion. Social media plays a key role in the Internet today, and media networks such as Facebook have shaped the history of the web and its applications. Zuckerberg is aged 29 and was born in 1984 in New York. He was one of the best in class and was fascinated by computing and software development since he was young. While his peers played games, Zuckerberg loved creating them. When he joined Harvard, he wanted to create an Internet based program through which university students could communicate and interact with each other. This was the idea that led to the birth of Facebook. In 2007, when Zuckerberg was just 23 years old, he became a billionaire as a result of the success of Facebook (Napach 3). Zuckerberg is one of the iconic figures in the history of the Internet, and as Facebook continues to grow and dominate over other social media, he will continue to be one among the most famous and influential people in the world. 4. Internet Use in Generation X and Y Cohorts of peop le born in a particular period are referred to as generations. Generation X includes all people born between the year 1965 and 1980. On the other hand, Generation X comprises people born in the 1981-2000 period (Wolfinger and McCrindle 43). Gen Y individuals are also referred to as millennials because they were the last generation of the past millennium. A study, conducted in 2013 by eMarketer, reported that approximately 93% of Gen Y individuals and 89% of Gen X individuals used the Internet (4). The study also found that 84% of millennials (Gen Y) use social media, while only 66% of Gen X individuals are present on social networks (Cohen 4). Gen Y was also found to account for most video views online as well as highest use of the Internet on mobile phones and the Internet. Generation X comprises of the middle aged adults in their 40s and 50s. This cohort of people uses the Internet primarily for email communication and as a source of information. Gen X individuals are working par ents, and they may use the Internet for work purposes or to keep up with subscriptions (Cohen 4). On the other hand, Generation Y (Millennials) are young people born during the era of technological advancements and use Internet as a communication tool. Gen Y is more technology proficient compared to Gen X and uses the Internet in different contexts including communication, social media, research, online shopping and characterized by more frequent use of the Internet. Compared to Gen X, Gen Y takes part in social media and accounts for the majority of Facebook members and YouTube video views (Cohen 3).5. Public relations (PR) online The Internet is an effective public relations tool for all organizations and individuals. The Internet enables companies to market their products and brands effectively by creating a good corporate image and attracting customers to their products. An effective PR use of the Internet should pass the message as well as create a good image of the organizatio n. PR Newswire, a company that offers press release business solutions leads by example through having an effective PR strategy. On its website ( HYPERLINK "/" /), the firm outl...

Biography of Artemisia I, Queen of Halicarnassus

Artemisia I of Halicarnassus (c. 520–460 BCE) was the ruler of the city of Halicarnassus at the time of the Persian Wars (499–449 BCE). As a Carian colony of Persia, Halicarnassus fought against the Greeks. The Greek historian Herodotus (484–425  BCE) was also a Carian, and he was born in that city during Artemisias rule. Her story was recorded by Herodotus and appears in the Histories, written in the mid-450s BCE. Known For: Ruler of Halicarnassus, naval commander in the Persian WarsBorn: c. 520 BCE in HalicarnassusParents: Lygadimis and unknown Cretan motherDied: c. 460 BCESpouse: Unnamed husbandChildren: Pisindelis INotable Quote: If thou art hasty to fight, I tremble lest the defeat of thy sea force bring harm likewise to thy land army. Early Life Artemisia was likely born about 520 BCE in Halicarnassus, near what is today Bodrum, Turkey. Halicarnassus was the capital of the Carian satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian empire in Asia Minor during the reign of Darius I (ruled 522–486 BCE). She was a member of the Lygdamid  dynasty (520–450 BCE) of rulers in the city, as the daughter of Lygadimis, a Carian, and his wife, a woman (unnamed by Herodotus) from the Greek island of Crete. Artemisia inherited her throne from her husband, whose name is not known, during the rule of the Persian emperor Xerxes I, also known as Xerxes the Great (ruled 486–465 BC). Her kingdom included the city of Halicarnassus and the nearby islands of Cos, Calymnos, and Nisyros. Artemisia I had at least one son, Pisindelis, who ruled Halicarnassus after her between roughly 460 and 450 BCE. Persian Wars When Xerxes went to war against Greece (480–479 BCE), Artemisia was the only woman among his commanders. She brought five ships of the 70 total sent to battle, and those five ships were forces with a reputation for ferocity and valor. Herodotus suggests that Xerxes selected Artemisia to lead a squadron to embarrass the Greeks, and indeed, when they heard about it, the Greeks offered a reward of 10,000 drachmas (about three years wages for a workman) for capturing Artemisia. No one succeeded in claiming the prize. After winning the battle at Thermopylae in August of 480 BCE, Xerxes sent Mardonius to talk to each of his naval commanders separately about the upcoming battle of Salamis. Artemisia was the only one who advised against a sea battle, suggesting that Xerxes instead wait offshore for what she saw as the inevitable retreat or attack the Peloponnese on shore. She was quite blunt about their chances against the Greek armada, saying that the rest of the Persian naval commanders—Egyptians, Cypriots, Cilicians, and Pamphylians—were not up to the challenge. While he was pleased that she provided a separate viewpoint, Xerxes ignored her advice, choosing to follow the majority opinion. Battle of Salamis During the battle, Artemisias found her flagship was being chased by an Athenian vessel and had no chance of escape. She rammed a friendly vessel which was commanded by the Calyndians and their king Damasithymos; the ship sank with all hands. The Athenian, confused by her actions, assumed she was either a Greek ship or a deserter, and left Artemisias ship to chase others. Had the Greek commander realized who he was chasing, and recalled the price on her head, he would not have changed course. No one from the Calyndian ship survived, and Xerxes was impressed at her nerve and daring, saying My men have become women, and my women, men. After the failure at Salamis, Xerxes abandoned his invasion of Greece—and Artemisia is credited with persuading him to make this decision. As a reward, Xerxes sent her to Ephesus to take care of his illegitimate sons. Beyond Herodotus That is all that Herodotus had to say about Artemisia. Other early references to Artemisia include the 5th century CE Greek physician Thessalus who spoke of her as a cowardly pirate; and the Greek playwright Aristophanes, who used her as a symbol of a strong and uppity warrior woman in his comic plays Lysistrata and Thesmophoriazusae, equating her with the Amazons. Later writers were generally approving, including Polyaenus, the 2nd century CE Macedonian author of Stratagems in War, and Justin, the 2nd century Roman empire historian. Photius, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinopole, described a legend depicting Artemisia as having fallen hopelessly in love with a younger man from Abydos, and jumping off a cliff to cure the unrequited passion. Whether her death was as glamorous and romantic as described by Photius, she was probably dead when her son Pisindelis took over the rule of Halicarnassus. Archaeological evidence of Artemisias relationship with Xerxes was discovered in the ruins of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus by British archaeologist Charles Thomas Newton when he excavated there in 1857. The Mausoleum itself was built by Artemisia II to honor her husband Mausolus between 353–350 BCE, but the alabaster jar is inscribed with the signature of Xerxes I, in Old Persian, Egyptian, Babylonian, and Elamite.  The presence of this jar in this location strongly suggests it was given by Xerxes to Artemisia I and passed down to her descendants who buried it at the Mausoleum. Sources A Jar with the Name of King Xerxes. Livius, October 26, 2018.Falkner, Caroline L. Artemesia in Herodotus. Diotima, 2001.  Halsall, Paul Herodotus: Artemisia at Salamis, 480 BCE. Ancient History Sourcebook, Fordham University, 1998.  Munson, Rosaria Vignolo. Artemisia in Herodotus. Classical Antiquity 7.1 (1988): 91-106.Rawlinson, George (transl). Herodotus, The History. New York: Dutton Co., 1862.Strauss, Barry. The Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter That Saved Greece—and Western Civilization. New York: Simon Schuster, 2004.

Anita Nair Feminism In Modernism - 1612 Words

Anita Nair is a popular Indian English-language writer. She has much insight into the concerns of studies, family, love and striving for fame and fortune . She makes an attempt to show the quality of strength in a woman. Anita Nair also adds that strength is not usually considered a woman as this. Her styles ultimately differ from other feminist writers. In other words, she is a feminist with difference. She traces the real position of women in the families as well as in the society. Her attempt to exhibit the plight, fears, dilemmas, contradictions and ambitions of her women characters is remarkable. Her primary focus of attention is the world of women, the struggle of women in the content of modern Indian society. Her novel reveals the†¦show more content†¦So, naturally this contradiction needs to be reflected in her characters as well. Anita Nair portrays about the fragility of the modern Indian marriage and the overwhelming challenges of raising their children in a milie u. This is an ambitious layered novel. The protagonist of the novel is Meera, who is happily submerged in the role of a corporate wife. She is forty-four-years old and has been showed as a sacrificial lamb. She is cool, poised, and urban writer of cook books. She is educated and erudite, and mother of two teenagers. She is a successful corporate honcho for her husband Giri. Nayantara is her daughter and she is in the IIT. Nikhil is her son. She and her family live with her mother, Saro and her grandmother, Lily in a lovely old house in Bangalore. In the beginning of the novel, Meera, Giri, and their son participate in the party. In these, She always wants to be with Giri, but he suggests to her to mingle with others. It seems that she is more possessive, but he does not like that. When Meerapartakes in the party, She mingles with other people as advised by Giri. In the meantime, Meera searches for him, but she cannot find out anywhere. Later on she comes to know that he has escaped from the party without telling anything and that shocks her. In these circumstances, Meera compares Giri with Zeus, the husband of Hera as follows: My Giri is not Zeus. He does not frolic with nymphets or even goddesses. He is prone to fits of rage; he isShow MoreRelatedWife Novel of Bharathi Mukherjee2831 Words   |  12 Pagesrootless because they are shootless. Uniquely Indian are superficially westernized, she is basically human. They give vent to their feminine sensibility in their frantic desire for an authentic communication with the self as well as the society. Anita DesaiIndian women novelists have given a new dimension to the Indian literature. Indian English literature has developed over a period of time and writing in English did not start in a day. It took many years and several distinguished personalities

Contract and Agency Law CompuMac Limited

Questions: 1. Peter, the Managing Director of CompuMac Limited, was planning a company trip for the staff. The staff wanted to go to Kuala Lumpur to visit the inaugural Global 3-D Printing exhibition that boasts of 3-D printing technology experts participating from all around the world. They wanted to talk to the experts about CompuMacs patented 3-D technology and to seek alliances with such experts on research and development projects. Peter booked a 25-seater coach from BestCoach, at a price of S$2,000 for a return trip from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur. Peter, on behalf of CompuMac, paid a deposit of S$500 to BestCoach five days before departure date. Analyse the following scenarios. For each scenario, advise Peter as to whether contract between CompuMac and BestCoach can be discharged and if yes, identify the appropriate grounds for such discharge. In your analysis, examine whether CompuMac is entitled to a refund of the deposit or alternatively, is required to pay the balance amount to BestCo ach. (a) Scenario 1 - There was heavy monsoon rain in Johor Bahru. The roads in Johor Bahru were flooded and no longer accessible. BestCoach refused to proceed with the coach journey on the departure date, although the roads after Johor Bahru and leading into Kuala Lumpur were clear and accessible. (b) Scenario 2 - There was heavy flooding in Kuala Lumpur. BestCoach offered to provide a slow drive to Kuala Lumpur so that by the time that the coach reached the borders of Kuala Lumpur on the eve of the exhibition, the floods would likely have abated and the coach could then drive into Kuala Lumpur. Peter refused to proceed with the journey on the departure date. In your answers, you are required to cite the relevant statutory provisions and case law to support your views as well as demonstrate well-developed written proficiency in the flow and content of your analysis. 2. Cherlyn is 17 years old and had been unemployed. Three months ago, she accepted a job at CallNow Private Limited, a company providing 24/7 hotline support services to users of various types of software. Her employment agreement stated that: her working hours were from 8.00am to 10.00pm daily, from Monday to Saturday; and she was permitted only 30-minute breaks for her lunches and dinners. Her monthly salary was S$1,000 and she was entitled to 5 days of annual leave. During the interview, the Human Resource Manager of CallNow told her that the company would provide her with free 3-month intensive training so that she would become extremely proficient at handling support services calls. If she did not quit her job within 12 months of completing the training, the training fee of S$6,000 payable by Cherlyn would be waived. After completion of her training, she would be assigned a mentor who would guide her on the job. Cherlyn also rented a room as she wanted to stay near her new workplace. The rental agreement was for three (3) years, with a monthly rental of S$350. After a few weeks, she began having second thoughts about the job and wanted to resign. She did not want to pay the training fee and asked you if the employment agreement was valid and enforceable. At the same time, she wanted to nullify her rental agreement and to also obtain a refund of rental amounts that she had paid for the past few weeks. She has come to you for advice. Explain to Cherlyn whether: (a) her employment agreement is valid and enforceable (and whether she is required to pay the training fee); and (b) her rental agreement is valid and enforceable (and whether she is entitled to obtain a refund of the past rental amounts that she had paid). You should identify and cite the relevant statutory provision(s) and case law to support your views. 3. Consider a specific job in your organisation (or one that you are familiar with) and relate how the employee performing this job is an agent of that organisation. You may preserve confidentiality by disguising the name of the organisation. Remember to state the relevant legal principles and cite relevant case law to support your analysis. (a) For context, you should describe the business of this organisation and some of the key functions of the identified job that are relevant to the agency relationship between the organisation and the individual. (4 marks) (b) Discuss and analyse how the individual in that job is an agent of the organisation. In your answer, explain how the agency relationship was created as well as two (2) types of authority which the agent would possess. Provide specific examples to support your answer. Answers: 1. a) It is to be noted that the fact given in the case study relates to Acts i.e. The Law of Contract and Frustrated Contracts Act. It is very clear from the given case that both the company Compu Mac Limited Best Cprach have intention to c enter in legal relationship and such intension is required as per section 4 (Section 4 of The Law of Contract). As per section 2 to make a contract valid the requirement of an offer and acceptance must be fulfilled ad also as per section 5 rights and obligation of the both party should be clear and definite. We assume that all above requirement are fulfilled to make contract valid (.Lee Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009,) Scenario 1: Issue The Johan Bahru was located in north Singapore where there was heavy flood. The issue is whether ComuMec is entitled to refund in such situation? Law Involved Section 2(2) Section 2(3) Section 8 Discussion of Law As per section 8 there are number of situation where contract between the parties may be discharge which is as follow: Discharge of Performance Non Performance of the Act Defective Performance Discharge of contract by an agreement Discharge of the contract by frustration It is to be noted that failure of performance of contract due to the situation which is not in the control of performer will cover under the discharge of contract by frustration. Sometimes party to the contract may have intention to execute the contract however due to the unavoidable he may not able to execute it , such contract can be discharge by Frustration.(Lee Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) Section 2 of the Frustration Contract act says that any amount of money that is paid by the party before discharge of contract must be refunded to the other party. And if such amount is in nature of payable than other party will not be liable to pay it after discharge of the contract TO sum up any monitory transaction executed before discharge of the contract should be reverse and obligation for any future monitory transaction will be canceled. However as per section 2 (3) of the frustration Act if any party to the contract incurred expenditure in relation to the contract entered between the party, then the party who receive money before discharge of the contract can retain the amount of expenditure from the advance money given or from refund which is getting due because of discharge of the contract (ANON, 2014) Conclusion As we can say that CompuMac Limited was not in position to execute contract due to unavoidable reason of heavy flood which is out of control situation. Also the representative of the company had given S$500 in advance. After considering the above facts of the case we can conclude that: As per section 8 the contract is eligible to be discharged by CompuMac Limited. Also as per section 2(2) and section 2(3) the deposit which was give by company of S$500 must be refunded by Best Coach after deducting expense incurred by it in relation to contract entered between the both. However it is to be noted that such expenditure must be incurred exclusively in relation to the contract entered between the parties Scenario 2: Here as per the information given, there were heavy floods in Kuala Lumpur. Here the information provided is not clear with regard to weather atmosphere of Kuala Lumpur about the floods would have been abated or not. After reaching at the border of the Kuala Lumpur, two possibility could be arose Flood is not abated and Coach was not able to reach at exhibition. Floor is abated and Coach was able to reach at Exhibition. In view of the above observations, we can note that if situation 1 stated above exist than: The contract will be discharge by Frustration and also as per section 2(2) and (3) , The deposit will be refunded provided expenditure incurred by coach for discharging half contract of taking passenger till border of Kuala Lumpur. So the Refund of S$500 must be provided after deducting all expenditure incurred by Company in attempt of execution of the contract. In view of the above observations, we can note that if situation 2 stated above exist than: The contract is said to be executed and hence the CompuMac will not entitled to cancel the contract and he need to pay the remaining amount as per agreement which is due as payable. b) Issue: Whether Cherlyn is consider as minor as per Law of contract? Whether agreement entered by him for Employment is enforceable or valid? Law Involved Section 6 Discussion of Law As per Singapore contract act any person who has not attained the age of 21 year is consider as Minor only. As minor are considering as non competent part to the contracts. As per section 6 of the contract law any contract against minor can not enforceable as minor is consider as no competent person to enter in to contract. However any contract for goods or services in the benefit of the minor is enforceable. The facts in the given case relates to statue i.e. The Law of Contract. (Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) However if the minor has entered into contract which result in providing him or her necessary supplies of life than though it is not contract of law and service it is termed as enforceable only and valid only (Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) 2. a) Fact of the case During the interview the HR manager had put a condition to continue service for 12 Month to waive the fees of training which was made compulsory to make Charley proficiently in managing support service efficiently. After he started JOB in second week he has thought of resigning job. The age of the Charley was 17 at the time of entering into the contract. Conclusion Charleyn has entered into agreement for doing JOB from 8 to 10 P.M In the Singapore country, a person is treated as minor if he/s A.M with certain amount of salary. Also as per the information provide in the act he is of the age of 17 only and hence consider as minor only. Yes if the contract is of service and in the benefit of the minor that it can be consider as enforceable but Employment contract cannot be termed as contract of service and hence not valid under the Singapore Contract Law. And hence the .training fees of $6000 is not required to be paid by the Charley 2 b) Fact of the case The rental agreement has been executed for three years and payment for the same is required to be dispensed monthly. Now the Charley wan to cancel the contract. The charley is of 17 when entering to the contract Conclusion Yes for future term for which Charley has not taken benefit, he can cancel the remaining one but for rent already paid will not be eligible for refund. The said conclusion is derived by taking the benefit of the To sum up we can conclude that Employment agreement cannot be termed as valid enforceable contract and hence he is not liable to pay any training fees , the same has been derived by taking base of section 6 Rental agreement is valid enforceable. Cherlyn would not be entitled to refund of the past rental amounts.(Section 6 of The Law of Contract) 3. General Definition of Law of Agency There are number of definition given by law different authors and agency of law of agency. The main function that is stated by all agencies and authors are performing any specific task with prior approval of the Principal is termed as agent. However it is to be noted that the relationship of the agency can be created only if principal is eligible or competent to do any act which is assigned to agency. If we want to put it in simple word with example, one cannot delegate any power to authors when it does not have. If person himself is handicap and if he makes the labor work with other it cannot be term as handicap. Also the approvals of the agency sometimes can express or implied. Also agency created for doing illegal activity does not have status in the eyes of law and invalid in nature. Section 2 of the agency law defined agency as relationship between two people where by one person is doing wok ion behalf of another worker and same is with principals express or implied consent. Also the status of agent has capacity to enter into the contract on behalf of the principal; such contracts are obviously valid and enforceable. Also agent can enter into the relationship with other party for selling, purchasing and disposal of any assets with intention to create legal relationship with the company. So to sum up we can say any act which can be done by principal , agent also can enter on behalf of principal if he has such authority to do from principal.(Tan Cheng Han, 2009) Also section 3 of the law of agency talks that there are so many relationships which represent thin line between relationships of agency. Relationship of Employer Employee, Bailer and bailee are very close to employer employee relationship but they are different from the Agency relationship. (Tan Cheng Han, 2009) If we take simple example of the Employer employee relationship we can say that the employer of the organization may not be liable for all acts that are executed by employee during the course of an employment. Also employees are generally delegated some basic task which has very minor legal implication. For an example if accountants in any organization are responsible for maintaining and keeping up to date records only. However the major decision is not in the hand of employee which is implied in nature. Example Mr. DeMac is the managing director of the BTL Limited; the company is register with Singapore stock exchange in this example. The company is doing business of giving motor vehicle on hire basis hiring. It owns number of motor vehicles, however during the pick season , sometimes company is required to purchase an additional vehicles. Now Mr. Demac has very close relationship with one of of Automobile distributor. Mr. DemMac is considered and company has employer-employee relationship as per the legal binding contract. If we analysis the duties, Authorities delegated on Mr. DeMac, its nevertheless the relationship of Agent an principal. Mr.De mac is empowered with the list of authorities. Some of them are listed below: 1. To manage day to day affairs of the company. 2. To sign the legal documents on behalf of BTL Limited. 3. To enter into an agreement to sale, purchase, exchange or any other contract which has legal validity on behalf of BTL Limited. 4. To enter into an agreement to give the motor cars on hire to certain tourism hotel industry on a negotiated rate considering its long term financial implication. Now the DHL limited is liable for any contract entered by the Mr. DeMac with legal document provided same is within the power of him. Mr. DeMac can create legal, valid and enforceable contact between third party and the company, as he has designated with specific authority over there. It is specifying nothing but relationship of principal and agent. For an example, if Me DeMac has entered into the contract for purchase of vehicle with one of distributor agency, same is falling within the authority of the company and hence it can be said the third party ( agency ) has created legal binding contract with the company. References:- Lee Pey Woan, PearlieKoh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009, The Law of Contract, Accessed on 5th March, 2015, https://www.singaporelaw.sg/sglaw/laws-of-singapore/commercial-law/chapter-8.Tan Cheng Han, 2009, Law of Agency, Accessed on 5th March 2015, https://www.singaporelaw.sg/sglaw/laws-of-singapore/commercial-law/chapter-15.ANON, 2014, Frustrated Contracts Act, Accessed on 5thMarch, 2015, https://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;ident=bdeda432-ac15-4e76-aad9-9144d93ac87a;page=0;query=DocId%3A59e417b5-c0a0-4c57-8463-a0d240c4dc64%20Depth%3A0%20Status%3Ainforce;rec=0.