Biography of Artemisia I, Queen of Halicarnassus

Artemisia I of Halicarnassus (c. 520–460 BCE) was the ruler of the city of Halicarnassus at the time of the Persian Wars (499–449 BCE). As a Carian colony of Persia, Halicarnassus fought against the Greeks. The Greek historian Herodotus (484–425  BCE) was also a Carian, and he was born in that city during Artemisias rule. Her story was recorded by Herodotus and appears in the Histories, written in the mid-450s BCE. Known For: Ruler of Halicarnassus, naval commander in the Persian WarsBorn: c. 520 BCE in HalicarnassusParents: Lygadimis and unknown Cretan motherDied: c. 460 BCESpouse: Unnamed husbandChildren: Pisindelis INotable Quote: If thou art hasty to fight, I tremble lest the defeat of thy sea force bring harm likewise to thy land army. Early Life Artemisia was likely born about 520 BCE in Halicarnassus, near what is today Bodrum, Turkey. Halicarnassus was the capital of the Carian satrapy of the Achaemenid Persian empire in Asia Minor during the reign of Darius I (ruled 522–486 BCE). She was a member of the Lygdamid  dynasty (520–450 BCE) of rulers in the city, as the daughter of Lygadimis, a Carian, and his wife, a woman (unnamed by Herodotus) from the Greek island of Crete. Artemisia inherited her throne from her husband, whose name is not known, during the rule of the Persian emperor Xerxes I, also known as Xerxes the Great (ruled 486–465 BC). Her kingdom included the city of Halicarnassus and the nearby islands of Cos, Calymnos, and Nisyros. Artemisia I had at least one son, Pisindelis, who ruled Halicarnassus after her between roughly 460 and 450 BCE. Persian Wars When Xerxes went to war against Greece (480–479 BCE), Artemisia was the only woman among his commanders. She brought five ships of the 70 total sent to battle, and those five ships were forces with a reputation for ferocity and valor. Herodotus suggests that Xerxes selected Artemisia to lead a squadron to embarrass the Greeks, and indeed, when they heard about it, the Greeks offered a reward of 10,000 drachmas (about three years wages for a workman) for capturing Artemisia. No one succeeded in claiming the prize. After winning the battle at Thermopylae in August of 480 BCE, Xerxes sent Mardonius to talk to each of his naval commanders separately about the upcoming battle of Salamis. Artemisia was the only one who advised against a sea battle, suggesting that Xerxes instead wait offshore for what she saw as the inevitable retreat or attack the Peloponnese on shore. She was quite blunt about their chances against the Greek armada, saying that the rest of the Persian naval commanders—Egyptians, Cypriots, Cilicians, and Pamphylians—were not up to the challenge. While he was pleased that she provided a separate viewpoint, Xerxes ignored her advice, choosing to follow the majority opinion. Battle of Salamis During the battle, Artemisias found her flagship was being chased by an Athenian vessel and had no chance of escape. She rammed a friendly vessel which was commanded by the Calyndians and their king Damasithymos; the ship sank with all hands. The Athenian, confused by her actions, assumed she was either a Greek ship or a deserter, and left Artemisias ship to chase others. Had the Greek commander realized who he was chasing, and recalled the price on her head, he would not have changed course. No one from the Calyndian ship survived, and Xerxes was impressed at her nerve and daring, saying My men have become women, and my women, men. After the failure at Salamis, Xerxes abandoned his invasion of Greece—and Artemisia is credited with persuading him to make this decision. As a reward, Xerxes sent her to Ephesus to take care of his illegitimate sons. Beyond Herodotus That is all that Herodotus had to say about Artemisia. Other early references to Artemisia include the 5th century CE Greek physician Thessalus who spoke of her as a cowardly pirate; and the Greek playwright Aristophanes, who used her as a symbol of a strong and uppity warrior woman in his comic plays Lysistrata and Thesmophoriazusae, equating her with the Amazons. Later writers were generally approving, including Polyaenus, the 2nd century CE Macedonian author of Stratagems in War, and Justin, the 2nd century Roman empire historian. Photius, the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinopole, described a legend depicting Artemisia as having fallen hopelessly in love with a younger man from Abydos, and jumping off a cliff to cure the unrequited passion. Whether her death was as glamorous and romantic as described by Photius, she was probably dead when her son Pisindelis took over the rule of Halicarnassus. Archaeological evidence of Artemisias relationship with Xerxes was discovered in the ruins of the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus by British archaeologist Charles Thomas Newton when he excavated there in 1857. The Mausoleum itself was built by Artemisia II to honor her husband Mausolus between 353–350 BCE, but the alabaster jar is inscribed with the signature of Xerxes I, in Old Persian, Egyptian, Babylonian, and Elamite.  The presence of this jar in this location strongly suggests it was given by Xerxes to Artemisia I and passed down to her descendants who buried it at the Mausoleum. Sources A Jar with the Name of King Xerxes. Livius, October 26, 2018.Falkner, Caroline L. Artemesia in Herodotus. Diotima, 2001.  Halsall, Paul Herodotus: Artemisia at Salamis, 480 BCE. Ancient History Sourcebook, Fordham University, 1998.  Munson, Rosaria Vignolo. Artemisia in Herodotus. Classical Antiquity 7.1 (1988): 91-106.Rawlinson, George (transl). Herodotus, The History. New York: Dutton Co., 1862.Strauss, Barry. The Battle of Salamis: The Naval Encounter That Saved Greece—and Western Civilization. New York: Simon Schuster, 2004.

Anita Nair Feminism In Modernism - 1612 Words

Anita Nair is a popular Indian English-language writer. She has much insight into the concerns of studies, family, love and striving for fame and fortune . She makes an attempt to show the quality of strength in a woman. Anita Nair also adds that strength is not usually considered a woman as this. Her styles ultimately differ from other feminist writers. In other words, she is a feminist with difference. She traces the real position of women in the families as well as in the society. Her attempt to exhibit the plight, fears, dilemmas, contradictions and ambitions of her women characters is remarkable. Her primary focus of attention is the world of women, the struggle of women in the content of modern Indian society. Her novel reveals the†¦show more content†¦So, naturally this contradiction needs to be reflected in her characters as well. Anita Nair portrays about the fragility of the modern Indian marriage and the overwhelming challenges of raising their children in a milie u. This is an ambitious layered novel. The protagonist of the novel is Meera, who is happily submerged in the role of a corporate wife. She is forty-four-years old and has been showed as a sacrificial lamb. She is cool, poised, and urban writer of cook books. She is educated and erudite, and mother of two teenagers. She is a successful corporate honcho for her husband Giri. Nayantara is her daughter and she is in the IIT. Nikhil is her son. She and her family live with her mother, Saro and her grandmother, Lily in a lovely old house in Bangalore. In the beginning of the novel, Meera, Giri, and their son participate in the party. In these, She always wants to be with Giri, but he suggests to her to mingle with others. It seems that she is more possessive, but he does not like that. When Meerapartakes in the party, She mingles with other people as advised by Giri. In the meantime, Meera searches for him, but she cannot find out anywhere. Later on she comes to know that he has escaped from the party without telling anything and that shocks her. In these circumstances, Meera compares Giri with Zeus, the husband of Hera as follows: My Giri is not Zeus. He does not frolic with nymphets or even goddesses. He is prone to fits of rage; he isShow MoreRelatedWife Novel of Bharathi Mukherjee2831 Words   |  12 Pagesrootless because they are shootless. Uniquely Indian are superficially westernized, she is basically human. They give vent to their feminine sensibility in their frantic desire for an authentic communication with the self as well as the society. Anita DesaiIndian women novelists have given a new dimension to the Indian literature. Indian English literature has developed over a period of time and writing in English did not start in a day. It took many years and several distinguished personalities

Contract and Agency Law CompuMac Limited

Questions: 1. Peter, the Managing Director of CompuMac Limited, was planning a company trip for the staff. The staff wanted to go to Kuala Lumpur to visit the inaugural Global 3-D Printing exhibition that boasts of 3-D printing technology experts participating from all around the world. They wanted to talk to the experts about CompuMacs patented 3-D technology and to seek alliances with such experts on research and development projects. Peter booked a 25-seater coach from BestCoach, at a price of S$2,000 for a return trip from Singapore to Kuala Lumpur. Peter, on behalf of CompuMac, paid a deposit of S$500 to BestCoach five days before departure date. Analyse the following scenarios. For each scenario, advise Peter as to whether contract between CompuMac and BestCoach can be discharged and if yes, identify the appropriate grounds for such discharge. In your analysis, examine whether CompuMac is entitled to a refund of the deposit or alternatively, is required to pay the balance amount to BestCo ach. (a) Scenario 1 - There was heavy monsoon rain in Johor Bahru. The roads in Johor Bahru were flooded and no longer accessible. BestCoach refused to proceed with the coach journey on the departure date, although the roads after Johor Bahru and leading into Kuala Lumpur were clear and accessible. (b) Scenario 2 - There was heavy flooding in Kuala Lumpur. BestCoach offered to provide a slow drive to Kuala Lumpur so that by the time that the coach reached the borders of Kuala Lumpur on the eve of the exhibition, the floods would likely have abated and the coach could then drive into Kuala Lumpur. Peter refused to proceed with the journey on the departure date. In your answers, you are required to cite the relevant statutory provisions and case law to support your views as well as demonstrate well-developed written proficiency in the flow and content of your analysis. 2. Cherlyn is 17 years old and had been unemployed. Three months ago, she accepted a job at CallNow Private Limited, a company providing 24/7 hotline support services to users of various types of software. Her employment agreement stated that: her working hours were from 8.00am to 10.00pm daily, from Monday to Saturday; and she was permitted only 30-minute breaks for her lunches and dinners. Her monthly salary was S$1,000 and she was entitled to 5 days of annual leave. During the interview, the Human Resource Manager of CallNow told her that the company would provide her with free 3-month intensive training so that she would become extremely proficient at handling support services calls. If she did not quit her job within 12 months of completing the training, the training fee of S$6,000 payable by Cherlyn would be waived. After completion of her training, she would be assigned a mentor who would guide her on the job. Cherlyn also rented a room as she wanted to stay near her new workplace. The rental agreement was for three (3) years, with a monthly rental of S$350. After a few weeks, she began having second thoughts about the job and wanted to resign. She did not want to pay the training fee and asked you if the employment agreement was valid and enforceable. At the same time, she wanted to nullify her rental agreement and to also obtain a refund of rental amounts that she had paid for the past few weeks. She has come to you for advice. Explain to Cherlyn whether: (a) her employment agreement is valid and enforceable (and whether she is required to pay the training fee); and (b) her rental agreement is valid and enforceable (and whether she is entitled to obtain a refund of the past rental amounts that she had paid). You should identify and cite the relevant statutory provision(s) and case law to support your views. 3. Consider a specific job in your organisation (or one that you are familiar with) and relate how the employee performing this job is an agent of that organisation. You may preserve confidentiality by disguising the name of the organisation. Remember to state the relevant legal principles and cite relevant case law to support your analysis. (a) For context, you should describe the business of this organisation and some of the key functions of the identified job that are relevant to the agency relationship between the organisation and the individual. (4 marks) (b) Discuss and analyse how the individual in that job is an agent of the organisation. In your answer, explain how the agency relationship was created as well as two (2) types of authority which the agent would possess. Provide specific examples to support your answer. Answers: 1. a) It is to be noted that the fact given in the case study relates to Acts i.e. The Law of Contract and Frustrated Contracts Act. It is very clear from the given case that both the company Compu Mac Limited Best Cprach have intention to c enter in legal relationship and such intension is required as per section 4 (Section 4 of The Law of Contract). As per section 2 to make a contract valid the requirement of an offer and acceptance must be fulfilled ad also as per section 5 rights and obligation of the both party should be clear and definite. We assume that all above requirement are fulfilled to make contract valid (.Lee Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009,) Scenario 1: Issue The Johan Bahru was located in north Singapore where there was heavy flood. The issue is whether ComuMec is entitled to refund in such situation? Law Involved Section 2(2) Section 2(3) Section 8 Discussion of Law As per section 8 there are number of situation where contract between the parties may be discharge which is as follow: Discharge of Performance Non Performance of the Act Defective Performance Discharge of contract by an agreement Discharge of the contract by frustration It is to be noted that failure of performance of contract due to the situation which is not in the control of performer will cover under the discharge of contract by frustration. Sometimes party to the contract may have intention to execute the contract however due to the unavoidable he may not able to execute it , such contract can be discharge by Frustration.(Lee Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) Section 2 of the Frustration Contract act says that any amount of money that is paid by the party before discharge of contract must be refunded to the other party. And if such amount is in nature of payable than other party will not be liable to pay it after discharge of the contract TO sum up any monitory transaction executed before discharge of the contract should be reverse and obligation for any future monitory transaction will be canceled. However as per section 2 (3) of the frustration Act if any party to the contract incurred expenditure in relation to the contract entered between the party, then the party who receive money before discharge of the contract can retain the amount of expenditure from the advance money given or from refund which is getting due because of discharge of the contract (ANON, 2014) Conclusion As we can say that CompuMac Limited was not in position to execute contract due to unavoidable reason of heavy flood which is out of control situation. Also the representative of the company had given S$500 in advance. After considering the above facts of the case we can conclude that: As per section 8 the contract is eligible to be discharged by CompuMac Limited. Also as per section 2(2) and section 2(3) the deposit which was give by company of S$500 must be refunded by Best Coach after deducting expense incurred by it in relation to contract entered between the both. However it is to be noted that such expenditure must be incurred exclusively in relation to the contract entered between the parties Scenario 2: Here as per the information given, there were heavy floods in Kuala Lumpur. Here the information provided is not clear with regard to weather atmosphere of Kuala Lumpur about the floods would have been abated or not. After reaching at the border of the Kuala Lumpur, two possibility could be arose Flood is not abated and Coach was not able to reach at exhibition. Floor is abated and Coach was able to reach at Exhibition. In view of the above observations, we can note that if situation 1 stated above exist than: The contract will be discharge by Frustration and also as per section 2(2) and (3) , The deposit will be refunded provided expenditure incurred by coach for discharging half contract of taking passenger till border of Kuala Lumpur. So the Refund of S$500 must be provided after deducting all expenditure incurred by Company in attempt of execution of the contract. In view of the above observations, we can note that if situation 2 stated above exist than: The contract is said to be executed and hence the CompuMac will not entitled to cancel the contract and he need to pay the remaining amount as per agreement which is due as payable. b) Issue: Whether Cherlyn is consider as minor as per Law of contract? Whether agreement entered by him for Employment is enforceable or valid? Law Involved Section 6 Discussion of Law As per Singapore contract act any person who has not attained the age of 21 year is consider as Minor only. As minor are considering as non competent part to the contracts. As per section 6 of the contract law any contract against minor can not enforceable as minor is consider as no competent person to enter in to contract. However any contract for goods or services in the benefit of the minor is enforceable. The facts in the given case relates to statue i.e. The Law of Contract. (Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) However if the minor has entered into contract which result in providing him or her necessary supplies of life than though it is not contract of law and service it is termed as enforceable only and valid only (Pey Woan, Pearlie Koh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009) 2. a) Fact of the case During the interview the HR manager had put a condition to continue service for 12 Month to waive the fees of training which was made compulsory to make Charley proficiently in managing support service efficiently. After he started JOB in second week he has thought of resigning job. The age of the Charley was 17 at the time of entering into the contract. Conclusion Charleyn has entered into agreement for doing JOB from 8 to 10 P.M In the Singapore country, a person is treated as minor if he/s A.M with certain amount of salary. Also as per the information provide in the act he is of the age of 17 only and hence consider as minor only. Yes if the contract is of service and in the benefit of the minor that it can be consider as enforceable but Employment contract cannot be termed as contract of service and hence not valid under the Singapore Contract Law. And hence the .training fees of $6000 is not required to be paid by the Charley 2 b) Fact of the case The rental agreement has been executed for three years and payment for the same is required to be dispensed monthly. Now the Charley wan to cancel the contract. The charley is of 17 when entering to the contract Conclusion Yes for future term for which Charley has not taken benefit, he can cancel the remaining one but for rent already paid will not be eligible for refund. The said conclusion is derived by taking the benefit of the To sum up we can conclude that Employment agreement cannot be termed as valid enforceable contract and hence he is not liable to pay any training fees , the same has been derived by taking base of section 6 Rental agreement is valid enforceable. Cherlyn would not be entitled to refund of the past rental amounts.(Section 6 of The Law of Contract) 3. General Definition of Law of Agency There are number of definition given by law different authors and agency of law of agency. The main function that is stated by all agencies and authors are performing any specific task with prior approval of the Principal is termed as agent. However it is to be noted that the relationship of the agency can be created only if principal is eligible or competent to do any act which is assigned to agency. If we want to put it in simple word with example, one cannot delegate any power to authors when it does not have. If person himself is handicap and if he makes the labor work with other it cannot be term as handicap. Also the approvals of the agency sometimes can express or implied. Also agency created for doing illegal activity does not have status in the eyes of law and invalid in nature. Section 2 of the agency law defined agency as relationship between two people where by one person is doing wok ion behalf of another worker and same is with principals express or implied consent. Also the status of agent has capacity to enter into the contract on behalf of the principal; such contracts are obviously valid and enforceable. Also agent can enter into the relationship with other party for selling, purchasing and disposal of any assets with intention to create legal relationship with the company. So to sum up we can say any act which can be done by principal , agent also can enter on behalf of principal if he has such authority to do from principal.(Tan Cheng Han, 2009) Also section 3 of the law of agency talks that there are so many relationships which represent thin line between relationships of agency. Relationship of Employer Employee, Bailer and bailee are very close to employer employee relationship but they are different from the Agency relationship. (Tan Cheng Han, 2009) If we take simple example of the Employer employee relationship we can say that the employer of the organization may not be liable for all acts that are executed by employee during the course of an employment. Also employees are generally delegated some basic task which has very minor legal implication. For an example if accountants in any organization are responsible for maintaining and keeping up to date records only. However the major decision is not in the hand of employee which is implied in nature. Example Mr. DeMac is the managing director of the BTL Limited; the company is register with Singapore stock exchange in this example. The company is doing business of giving motor vehicle on hire basis hiring. It owns number of motor vehicles, however during the pick season , sometimes company is required to purchase an additional vehicles. Now Mr. Demac has very close relationship with one of of Automobile distributor. Mr. DemMac is considered and company has employer-employee relationship as per the legal binding contract. If we analysis the duties, Authorities delegated on Mr. DeMac, its nevertheless the relationship of Agent an principal. Mr.De mac is empowered with the list of authorities. Some of them are listed below: 1. To manage day to day affairs of the company. 2. To sign the legal documents on behalf of BTL Limited. 3. To enter into an agreement to sale, purchase, exchange or any other contract which has legal validity on behalf of BTL Limited. 4. To enter into an agreement to give the motor cars on hire to certain tourism hotel industry on a negotiated rate considering its long term financial implication. Now the DHL limited is liable for any contract entered by the Mr. DeMac with legal document provided same is within the power of him. Mr. DeMac can create legal, valid and enforceable contact between third party and the company, as he has designated with specific authority over there. It is specifying nothing but relationship of principal and agent. For an example, if Me DeMac has entered into the contract for purchase of vehicle with one of distributor agency, same is falling within the authority of the company and hence it can be said the third party ( agency ) has created legal binding contract with the company. References:- Lee Pey Woan, PearlieKoh, Tham Chee Ho, 2009, The Law of Contract, Accessed on 5th March, 2015, https://www.singaporelaw.sg/sglaw/laws-of-singapore/commercial-law/chapter-8.Tan Cheng Han, 2009, Law of Agency, Accessed on 5th March 2015, https://www.singaporelaw.sg/sglaw/laws-of-singapore/commercial-law/chapter-15.ANON, 2014, Frustrated Contracts Act, Accessed on 5thMarch, 2015, https://statutes.agc.gov.sg/aol/search/display/view.w3p;ident=bdeda432-ac15-4e76-aad9-9144d93ac87a;page=0;query=DocId%3A59e417b5-c0a0-4c57-8463-a0d240c4dc64%20Depth%3A0%20Status%3Ainforce;rec=0.

The Brazen Desire to Succeed

Setting and characterization in ‘The Destructors’ by Graham Greene and ‘The Most Dangerous Game’ by Richard Connell has been used to increase the effectiveness of the themes and motifs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Brazen Desire to Succeed specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even though the stories are written by different writers, there is a striking similarity in the use of elements to communicate the deeper meaning of the two tales. The setting of ‘The Destroyers’ is a gang of youth formed in the period after the Second World War. Connell’s story is set on a remote island far away from civilized human society. In ‘The Most dangerous Game’ Connell explores the theme of Rainsford’s human rationality and intellect as opposed to Zaroff’s beastly instinct by setting the story in a jungle. Rainsford, a fine human and a fighter, falls prey t o Zaroff’s insane and bizarre sadistic hunt. In ‘The Destroyers’ Greene explores a similar theme of uncanny destruction by T. and his gang who have no real motive for destroying Mr. Thomas’ house. Both stories, â€Å"The Destructors† and â€Å"The Most Dangerous Game† explore the raw human grit and determination and are prime examples of the underlying destructive nature of mankind. Set in the post World War II, Greene’s characters in ‘The Destructors’ represent the divide between the various generations, the old and the new. Mr Thomas symbolizes the old ways, beliefs and mindset while the gang is symbolic of the new generation, completely dissociated from their past, incapable of understanding or respecting old traditions and customs.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Mr Thomas believes that his age and experienc e give him the authority to instruct the boys about the things they should or should not do. However, the boys at the threshold of youth are selfish and destructive by nature and refuse to accept authority. The initial leader of the gang, Blackie is mischievous but not dangerous. When T. takes over, the dynamics of the gang change and under his leadership the gang assumes a more destructive stance. Blackie represents the qualities of a good leader while T. is symbolic of a leader who believes that power gives the right to dominate and destroy. In ‘The Most Dangerous Game’ the protagonist of the story, Sanger Rainsford is a daring game hunter with the ability to fearlessly face the most challenging situations with ease. Zaroff, on the other hand, is destructive man and uses power to feed his animal instincts. While both Rainsford and Zaroff are brave and powerful, Rainsford uses power responsibly in contrast to Zaroff who uses power to satiate his animal instincts simply for the sake of pleasure. Rainsford is similar in his ways to Blackie, of ‘The Destructors’ in their use of power with conscientiousness. Zaroff is comparable with T. of ‘The Destructors’ in his misuse of power to destroy things simply for the sake of pleasure. Even though the two stories are different, there is a striking similarity between the characters. Set in the post World War period, they are relevant even in today’s world, giving them a universal appeal.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Brazen Desire to Succeed specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The jungle in ‘The Most Dangerous Game’ is strongly symbolic of the chaotic and powerful nature of Zaroff, which knows no limits. Within the jungle, the struggle for survival supersedes all other needs. Rainsford constantly struggles to save himself from Zaroff who has lost complete control of himself. Zaroff and Ra insford present the stark contrast of the jungle and civilization; Zaroff is animal like in his instincts and severely lacks the ability to think and reason, while Rainsford is a representation of a civilized society which rejects violence in favour of human sanity and peace. Zaroff is offensive like the wilderness of the jungle while Rainsford is defensive in his actions and behaviour. On similar terms, Greene’s ‘The Destructors’ presents a modern view of the civilized society as a jungle in which the old and young differ in values, beliefs, morals and ethics. The formation of the youth gang is symbolic of today’s modern jungle in which the younger generation vents energy through physical power and destruction. There is a disconnect between the youth and the past who no longer revere history or its makers represented by the Wormsley Common gang led by T. T. assumes leadership of the gang from Blackie and plans to destroy the innocent and old Mr. Thomasâ⠂¬â„¢s house. T. forces his beliefs and decisions on the other members of the gang and asserts his power over them.Advertising Looking for essay on comparative literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The shift in power occurs from the non-dangerous and mischievous Blackie to the conspiring, angry and irrational T. Despite his destructive and irrational behaviour, T. does not want to cause any harm to Mr. Thomas and tries to protect him from damage by keeping him safe. This aspect of T.’s personality is indicative of the struggle between the good and evil in humans. T. is a symbol of the youth in the modern day society which shares a lost relationship with Mr. Thomas, representing the older generation. While T. is determined on destroying the traditional house, he has no personal hatred for Mr. Thomas and wants no harm to come to the old man. T. is fully aware of the beauty of the house but knows its association with the higher social order, which he seeks to destroy by destroying the house. The Destructors in Greene’s story have created a man-made jungle with their animal like instincts of destruction. Similarly, Connell’s characters represent the real jungl e in which man has to save himself from the brutality and savagery of other animals. Zaroff’s hunt for Rainsford forces Rainsford to use his cat like instinct in order to keep match with the animal in Zaroff. This descent of Rainsford from a rational thinking human to that of an animal is symbolic of the basic human instinct which tries to survive at all costs and never gives up. Rainsford who has on earlier occasions functioned like the fox, is now forced to behave like the cat to save himself from the preying Zaroff. In order to keep pace with Zaroff, Rainsford has to stoop down to his level of an animal, though of a different order. After creating a misleading path through the jungle to lose Zaroff on the first night of the hunt, Rainsford switches modes and hides in a tree to save some of his strength. Both stories demonstrate the grit and determination of humans to succeed and win, albeit for different reasons. In Cornell’s ‘The Most Dangerous Game’ R aisnford and Zaroff fight till the end to succeed and beat each other. While Zaroff is a psychopathic sadist who kills without a purpose, Rainsford kills only to protect himself. In ‘The Destroyers’ Greene portrays the picture of a conflicted jungle-like society post World War II in which the youth do not have a purpose to destroy but do so for the sake of power. While both the stories represent man’s basic human instinct for destruction, Greene’s characters are less harmful than those of Connell. Zoraff is completely animal like in his behaviour lacking empathy, compassion and reason while T. is only irrational and does not cause physical harm to Mr. Thomas; on the contrary, he makes sure that Mr. Thomas is safe in his out-house when the house is being pulled down. Both the stories are symbolic of instinctive human nature which can be devastatingly destructive without any purpose, rationality or logic. The protagonists in both stories demonstrate the unde rlying will to succeed. Works Cited Graham, Greene. The Destructors, 1954. Print. Richard, Connell. The Most Dangerous Game, 1924. Print. This essay on The Brazen Desire to Succeed was written and submitted by user Alexzander W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Newspapers and the Future of Print Journalism

Newspapers and the Future of Print Journalism For anyone interested in the news business, it’s hard to avoid the sense that newspapers are at death’s door. Every day brings more news of layoffs, bankruptcies, and closings in the print journalism industry. But why are things so dire for newspapers at the moment? Decline Begins With Radio TV Newspapers have a long and storied history that dates back hundreds of years. While their roots are in the 1600s, newspapers thrived in the U.S. well into the 20th century. But with the advent of radio and later television, newspaper circulation (the number of copies sold) began a gradual but steady decline. By the mid-20th century, people simply didn’t have to rely on newspapers as their only source of news anymore. That was especially true of breaking news, which could be conveyed much more quickly via broadcast media. And as television newscasts became more sophisticated, television became the dominant mass medium. This trend accelerated with the rise of CNN and 24-hour cable news networks. Newspapers Begin to Disappear Afternoon newspapers were the first casualties. People coming home from work increasingly turned on the TV instead of opening a newspaper, and afternoon papers in the 1950s and 1960s saw their circulations plunge and profits dry up. Television also captured more and more of the advertising revenue that newspapers had relied on. But even with Television grabbing more and more audience and ad dollars, newspapers still managed to survive. Papers couldn’t compete with television in terms of speed, but they could provide the kind of in-depth news coverage that TV news never could. Savvy editors retooled newspapers with this in mind. More stories were written with a feature-type approach that emphasized storytelling over breaking news, and papers were redesigned to be more visually appealing, with a greater emphasis on clean layouts and graphic design. Emergence of the Internet But if television represented a body blow to the newspaper industry, the World Wide Web may prove to be the nail in the coffin. With the emergence of the internet in the 1990s, vast amounts of information were suddenly free for the taking. Most newspapers, not wanting to be left behind, started websites in which they essentially gave away their most valuable commodity- their content- for free. This model continues to be the predominant one in use today. Many analysts now believe this was a fatal mistake. Once loyal newspaper readers realized that if they could conveniently access news online for free, there seemed to be little reason to pay for a newspaper subscription. Recession Worsens Prints Woes Economic hard times have only accelerated the problem. Revenue from print ads has plunged, and even online ad revenue, which publishers had hoped would make up the difference, has slowed. Websites like Craigslist have eaten away at classified ad revenue. â€Å"The online business model just won’t support newspapers at the level Wall Street demands,† says Chip Scanlan of The Poynter Institute, a journalism think tank. â€Å"Craigslist has decimated newspaper classifieds.† With profits plunging, newspaper publishers have responded with layoffs and cutbacks, but Scanlan worries this will just make things worse. â€Å"They’re not helping themselves by whacking sections and laying people off,† he says. â€Å"They’re cutting the things that people look for in newspapers.† Indeed, that’s the conundrum facing newspapers and their readers. All agree that newspapers still represent an unrivaled source of in-depth news, analysis, and opinion and that if papers disappear entirely, there will be nothing to take their place. What the Future Holds Opinions abound as to what newspapers must do to survive. Many say papers must start charging for their web content to support print issues. Others say printed papers will soon go the way of the Studebaker and that newspapers are destined to become online-only entities. But what actually will happen remains anybody’s guess. When Scanlan thinks of the predicament the internet poses for newspapers today, he’s reminded of the Pony Express riders who in 1860 started what was meant to be a speedy mail delivery service, only to be rendered obsolete a year later by the telegraph. â€Å"They represented a great leap in communication delivery but it only lasted a year,† Scanlan says. â€Å"As they were whipping their horses into a lather to deliver the mail, beside them were these guys ramming in long wooden poles and connecting wires for the telegraph. It’s a reflection of what changes in technology mean.†

Scheduling and project management (pert and cpm SLP Assignment

Scheduling and project management (pert and cpm SLP - Assignment Example Typically, projects are part of organizations and their accomplishments largely depend on the organizational structure, style of management, culture and systems applied towards the same (Vanhoucke, 2012). In this paper, the analysis shall be based on the effects that project management has on the various departments of Wal-Mart, being that it is an organization of choice in this particular study. There are numerous divisions in the organization that varies from Finance, Marketing, Human Resources Management, Production, and Accounting among others. In a broader scale, most organizations have been known to have opted to adopt the benchmarking practices used in the production as being applied by Wal-Mart. The core aspect for the understanding of Wal-Mart Inc.’s application of project management is in relation to its own benchmarking practices that are widely used to define the prospects for a project in the respective department. Currently, based on the large operational base covered by the company in its distribution of its products to different markets would indicate that any changes that might be applied to a particular department would need to be done in line with the benchmarking techniques put in place; hence, an indication of huge undertakings for the project managers in the respective departments. Therefore, every project manager in each of the departments are required clearly to define their goals and make sure that the end results for the respective projects are in line with the organization’s requirements for business. Subsequently, project management has enhanced the process orientation in the various departments by ensuring that there are good project processes put in place and that all the workers in the various departments sufficiently follow the process. Process orientation is a major factor in the determination of the overall

Britain At The Paris Peace Conference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Britain At The Paris Peace Conference - Essay Example The overall outcomes of the Conference have been usually labelled as failure, but such view is not fully correct. On the one hand, the treaties signed during the Paris negotiations did fail to secure peace in Europe in the long-term. On the other hand, the problems facing the negotiating parties at that difficult time were too complicated and often defied effective solutions1. However, the fact that some nations participating in the conference benefited more than others from the conditions of peace can hardly be put in question. Analysis of the key provisions negotiated during the Paris Peace Conference convincingly demonstrates that Britain was one of the participants whom managed to have their requirements satisfied to an acceptable extent. Although the common goal of the leaders involved in the Paris negotiations was apparently to restore peace and stability in Europe, the Conference immediately exposed serious disagreement between the Allies concerning how to threat Germany. The views were highly contradictory with the Big Three leaders balancing between the long-term political benefits of their countries, varying interests of their partners, and the public opinions of their nations. French Prime Minister Clemenceau perceived Germany as a potential threat to stability and peace in Europe, and a threat to security of his country. Therefore, France claimed that Germany was obliged to "cover the costs of restoration of invaded territories and repayment of war debts [and that] a long period of stiff repayments would have the added advantage of keeping Germany financially and economically weak"2. Such claim clearly demonstrated the reasonable fear of France that light penalties would result in rapid recovering and further strengthening of Germany. The Fourteen points of President Wilson reflected his highly idealist and pacifist views on the political developments in Europe: perhaps that is why Wilson failed to convince the Allies accept his moderate position on the economic obligations of Germany. On the other hand, Britain was extremely concerned with the revival and further development of international trade which constituted the cornerstone of the country's economic potency3. Lloyd George understood that Germany ruined by excessively hard economic claims of France and other Allies would seriously undermine marketability of British goods in the European market: "While the British government saw 66 million potential German customers, the French government trembled at the prospect of 66 million German soldiers and possible invaders."4. The British representatives also viewed Germany as a potential "barrier-fortress against the Russians"5 and reasonably considered that only country with healthy economy tied by strongly trade-b ased relationships could effectively fulfil such mission. Evidently, while none of the major players had his interests fully satisfied, the economic provisions of the Treaty of Versailles came closer to satisfying the requirements of British delegation. An exact monetary figure Germany was obliged to pay to the Allies never appeared in the Treaty, and despite the claims of Britain and Germany that the terms of reparations were still too harsh, the truth was "the Treaty of Versailles had left [Germany] largely intact, with a population almost double that of France, and